Foundations

Financial Truth

How source financial facts differ from balances, P&L, and other derived views.

Financial truth

Financial meaning in O2A starts from one source of truth: append-only Ledger Events. Every movement of value is a Ledger Event, and history is never edited — corrections are made by recording compensating events. Wallet balances, P&L views, and cost-of-goods figures are interpretations rebuilt from those events, not independent records.

How It Works

A Ledger Event is an immutable financial fact. A Wallet's balance is derived by reading the relevant events, never edited directly. An Offering's realized cost of goods is derived from events classified as offering COGS. A Node's P&L view is derived from Ledger Events together with configuration policy (for example, how general COGS is allocated). All of these are period-scoped, rebuildable views over the source facts — caches are allowed only if they can be regenerated from the events.

Statements

The statements below state each rule precisely.

  • A Ledger Event is an append-only financial fact.
  • Wallet balance derives from Ledger Events.
  • Offering realized cost of goods derives from Ledger Events.
  • A Node P&L view derives from Ledger Events and configuration policy.
  • Derived financial views are rebuildable views over source financial facts.

Why It Matters

Keeping a single append-only source means every financial answer is reproducible and auditable: the same events and the same policy always yield the same view. It also draws a hard line — balances and P&L are derived views over the events rather than parallel ledgers, so they can never silently disagree with the facts. This is the principle the Ledger Event and P&L pages depend on.